temporal world in imam ali`s worldviews

author of this article has constructed his argument in two parts. 1) different patterns of thoughts on temporal world ; 2) adopting imam ali's thoughts on temporal world within one of these patterns. in the first part five schools of thought on issue of temporal world has been recognized. two - world observers; single - world abservers, concentration on temporal world; anti- temporal world, and three sub-parts of the two - world observers; temporal world maximizer` temporal world minimizer and after life world maximizer.   in the second part of the article` author trys to adopt imam ali's thoughts on the fifth pattern. to do so he has studied behaivours and all arration from him in a comperhnsive way rather than selective way. following that he has focused on particular guestions such as why imam ali had focused on negative side of the temporal world and its side - effects. article, also has special emphysis on social and indivitual wealth, indivitualism and how can we focused on the after - fife world through gainning profits of the temporal world.